This is sterile water containing 0.9% benzyl alcohol, which acts as a preservative
Vitamin B12 deficiency results in megaloblastic anemia, GI lesions, and neurologic damage (which begins with an inability to produce myelin and is followed by gradual degeneration of the axon and nerve head)
No serious AEs were reported at up to 28 days from the booster dose
Systemic (multiple injuries, general recovery): Lower abdominal fat provides a convenient and relatively pain-free injection site for systemic administration
Many B1-B6-B12 injections are given intramuscularly (IM), commonly in the gluteal muscle, by a trained professional
Lead author, Dr Natasha Tyler said: Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency often report feeling marginalised and describe their interactions with primary care as battles and report feeling stigmatised